Mold for casting metals



M. GUYOT MOLD FOR CASTING METALS Aug. 7 1928.

Original Filed April 13, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug; 7, 192$.

M. GUYOT MOLD FOR CASTING METALS Original Filed April l3 1925 2Sheets-Sheet ,2]

INVENTOR TA BY lib ATTORNEYS.

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T his invention relates to a multipart per n'iancnt mold for makingcastings all metals having melting points ashi gh as or higher thanaluminum and its alloys. llt particue l larly relates to a mold havingone or more hinged, movable mold. parts Which are ere posed to the heato'lt or come directly into contact with the molten metal being cast.

.lt also relates to mold of permanent composition, such as iron orsteel. having hinged mold parts and a base and being provided with meanstor compensating tor ditilerential thermal expansion of the mold partswith respect to each other and to the base lit also relates to a metalmold, for casting metal, having a plurality o'l hinged mold parts andmeans tor adjusting; the parts laterally With respect to each other,

lit iurther relates to means tor mounting" hinged mold parts for castingmetal Which means is capable of compensating" for ditl'erential thermalexpansion of the parts and ot laterally adjusting the parts with respectto each other.

it also relates to a multipart metal mold including hinged mold partsfor casting metallic articles having outwardly extending projections ofconsiderable length, or oll slight draft or taper, or both.

it also relates to a multipart mold comprising a stationary base andhinged mold parts connected thereto in a manner to mamtain the castingcavity substantially unchanged and prevent substantial turningn'iovei'nent on the base except about the means connecting the hingedparts, While permitting unrestrained expansion of the hinged mold partsrelative to the base.

.lt also relates to a multipart mold com prising a stationary part. andmovable parts connected together, and means associated with a stationarypart to prevent certain turning movements and to permit other turningmovement of the movable parts on the stationary part, and to permitlengthwise expansion of the mold parts on the stat ionary part.

lilnliipart molds for casting metals having high melting points such asaluminum and its alloys or melting points thereabove, and particularlythose composed of permanent. material such as iron or steel, exhibit atendency of the mold parts to es.

pand unequally when in use. The parts o'l. the mold, which are exposedto the licat at oudirectly in contact with the molten metal being cast,become heated to a higher temperature than more remote parts ct the moldand hence tend to expand to a areater G Xte1'1t. filo long as the moltenmetal cavi-. ties are located entirely in mold parts which expand tosubstantially the same extent during the casting operation no particularproblem is encountered but when one or more oi the walls of the metalcavities is formed by a mold part Which, either because of bettercooling or the absorption olf less heat trom the molten metal, tends toerpand to a lesser degree than other mold parts constituting theren'iaining walls of the cavities, the problem of maintaining theoriginal alignment of mold parts and casting cavity Walls often presentsdilliculties. This is particularly true Where two mold parts whichexpand to dillerent amounts are connected together, for example at oneend. ln such case, one part will expand length Wise of: itself orlengthen out more than the other part thus destroying the originalalignment of parts and casting cavity Walls. llf on the other hand themold parts are connected together by any means causing the parts toexpand from the casting cavity toward each end of the parts, some meansmust be provided to preserve the original location of cavity walls'vvithrespect to each other.

l have, by my invention, provided. means to compensate for the unequalor dillerential expansion of mold parts and at the same time to maintainthe casting cavity Walls in their original relative positions therebyinsuring castings of uniform size and shape this means preferablyconsisting essentially ol a single fixed connection between the parts ofdiilerent expansibilities.

Where, for any reason such as Warpage, Wear or resurfacing of the moldpart, it became necessary to realign the mold parts, it formerly wasnecessary to relocate the hinges or clamp connecting; the parts. oltcnat considerable expense and loss of time. l have, by my invei'ition.provided for realigning such warped. worn or resurfaced parts at slightexpense and loss of time and have combined the means for doing so withthe above mentioned means for compensating tiCl sible.

for the unequal expansion of mold parts and preserving the originalalignment of mold parts and of casting cavity walls.

By my invention I am also enabled to convert into hinged molds operableby one operator, clamped molds which formerly tion, portions of the baseof the mold being cut away.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on ine 2-2 ofFig. 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary, vertical, sectional view taken transverselyof a mold' similar to that shown in Fig. 1 but embodying a modified formof my invention.

- Figure 4 is a fragmentary, vertical, sectional view of a mold taken inline 1-4 of Fig.3.

Figure5 is a fragmentary, top plan view of the modification shown inFigs. 3 and 4 and taken on lines 5-5 of Fig. 3, and

Figuresv 6, 7 and 8 are fragmentary top plan views of molds embodying myinvention in modified form.

In Figs. 1 and 2, I have'shown a mold comprisinga mold base 1 having asubstantiallyplain top'surface, and two cooperating mold halves 2resting thereon and cooperating therewith, the mold halves being pivotedto a pin 3 which is mounted in a hole 4 in the base '1, so as to swinabout the pin 3 on the top of base 1. In t e meeting faces of the moldhalves 2 are formed recesses for the molten metal being cast, theserecesses comprisinga gate 5, a'riser 6 and a casting cavity 7 into thelatter of which may be inserted a core (not shown) of any desiredconfiguration depending on the article to be cast. Hinge members 8 aresecured to one end of eachmold half 2 as by means of cap screws, and areperforated for close fitting engagement with the pin 3 so thatsubstantially nomovement except rotational movement relative to the axisof the pin 3 is pos- The pin 3 is somewhat smaller than the perforation4 in the base member 1 so that the pin may move in the-base relative tothe member 1 and with it the hinge members 8 and the mold halves 2 maylikewise move relative to member 1; It will be noted,

however, that perforation 4 is but a few thousandths of an inch largerthan the pin 3 particularly in a line at right angles to the partinglines of the hinged mold parts so that the pin and mold parts may notshift together a substantial amount on the base nor disturb the originallocation of cavity forming walls. A means for holding mold will permitswinging movement of the mold parts away from each other. A casting maybe removed from between the mold halves after which they may be broughttogether and locked preparatory to the pouring of molten metal into thegate 5 and the making of another casting.

Inasmuch as the base member 1 is large compared with the portion thereofwhich is in direct contact with the metal being cast, heat is quicklydissipated from such portion and the member does not tend to becomehighly heated. Consequently the extent of expansion of the base memberis relatively small. The mold halves 2, however, which are preferablymade only as large as may be necessary to form properly a desiredcasting have a-tendency to expand to a considerably greater extent thanthe member 1. \Vith the mold halves 2 fixedkto the base 1 the expansionlengthwise of the mold halves tends to cause binding or close fitting ofthe mold halves between the pin 3 and the pilot within cavity 7, andresults either in the wearing away of the mold halves or pilot, or innecessitating the cutting away of the mold halves, or pilot,sufiiciently to permit free movement and expansibility of the moldhalves. Such wearing away or relief to accommodate expansion disturbsthe original alignment of the casting cavity walls primarily by shiftingof the walls formed by the mold halves relative to the walls formed bythe base. In certain instances this longitudinal shifting of certaincasting cavity walls may amount to several thousandths of an inch, andthe castings made while the walls are so shifted willbe inaccurate andoften unusable.

By providing a loose connection between the mold halves 2 and the base1, as has been the temperature of the mold part or the exten-t of theirexpansion.

In Figs. 3, 4 and 5 I have shown a modi-- fied form of construction foruse with a mold substantially as shown in Fig. 1 and comprising a base 1having mold halves (not shown) each provided with a hinge member filllid

and adapted to move on the top surface of mold base it. The hingemembers 8 are pivoted to pins ll or which are carried by a yokeconsisting of a top plate 16 and a bottom plate ll, the latter yokeplate being provided on its lower side with a pin-like projection it;which extends through an enlarged perforation. 19 in the mold base It.This projection it has a stud fitting tightly in it and projecting intoan aperture 21 in member 1 in which it has a freely sliding fitoProjection 'ltl has substantially the same loose conenction with moldbase 1 as the pin 3 has in opening a, but the stud 20 prevents rotationor lateral shifting movement of projection id in perforation 19..

Pins fl and 15 have a snug fit in hinge member 8 so that all movement ofhinge members 8 relative to the pin ezrcept turnmovement. issubstantially prevented. The pins 14: and 15 are snugly fitted in yokeplates 16 and ill and T have provided means in the form of set screws 22in each of these plates engage with. the pin 15 and prevent movementthereof relative to either of the plates. lit will be noted that the endsurfaces 23 of pin 15, which enter into plates ill and li' are slightlyeccentric with respect to the surface 24: intermediate these surfaces,lily rotating the'pin 15 it is possible due to this eccentricity toadjust one hinge member El and its mold half 2 laterally with respect tothe other hinge member and mold half. t lihen by reason of wear,warpageor resurfacing the original posit-ion of the mold half andcasting cavity walls has been disturbed or destroyed, ll may restore themold halves and casting cavity walls to substantially their originalposition by suitably rotating the pin 15 as will be understood by thoseskilled in the art.

llt will be noted that although the twin pin construction shown in lligs. 3, d and 5 is capable of use with a loose connection with the moldbase, it may equally well be employed with a tired connection with themold base where the differential. expansion of the parts is negligiblein amount. ll prefer, however to utilize the loose connection and thetwin pins in one structure wherever possible or advisable. J

lit will be understood by those skilled in the art that with mold partshinged about two separate centers of rotation as in Figs. 3, d and 5,castings may be made in hinged molds which due to their outsideconfiguration or to outwardly extending projections of considerablelength or slight draft, or both, were made heretofore in molds withparts clamped-together at either end. Furthermore in the case of thelarger castings two operators were required for a clamped mold whereasone operator can operate hinged molds for similar castings.

lln lt igs. e 't and ii if have illustrated part or molds in which as inthe foregoing figures, expansion. of the hinged parts may talro placefrom the casting cavity outwardly without restraint while turningmovement of the hinged parts with respect to another parts forming awall of the casting cavity is prevented. The original location of cavitywalls is thus preserved and uniform castings assured.

Tn Fig. 6, 24 indicates a mold base having a centrally disposed pilot 25having one or more substantially straight side edges 25" and a topsurface 25" forming a wall of the casting cavity 26. Two mold halves 2ihingedly connected at one-end by hinge members 28 and hinge pin 29* aresupported on base and are suitably recessed to engage the side and topsurfaces of the pilot 25. The pin 29 does not contact with the base 2st.tiate, riser and casting cavities are formed by suitable recesses in theadjacent faces of the halves 27. The mold halves are free to expandwithout regard to the enpansion of the base, the expansion talring placeoutwardly from the casting cavity or pilot but the straight side orsides 25 being non-circular effectively prevent turning of the moldhalves on the base and hence in sure maintenance of the originalalignment of mold parts and original location of cavity walls.

lln Fig. 7, base 80 carries on its top surface two mold halves 31 hingedtogether by a hinge pin 32 which stops short of and does not contactwith the mold base. flute, casting and riser cavities are provided inthe adjacent faces of the mold halves, the top surface of the baseforming one wall of the casting cavity 82. Dowel pin 83 in the baseserves to prevent rotation of the as semhled mold halves and thuspreserves the original alignment of mold parts and loca tion of cavitywalls. I

lin Fig. 8, base 3d has a circular pilot and an open topped groove 86.l-linged mold halves 3i" are carried the base 3d,

the hinge pin 88 projecting down into and substantially engagingopposite sides of the groove 36. This pin and groove connection servesto prevent rotational movement of the mold halves with respect to thebase a l and pilot 35 while permitting expansive move ment of the moldhalves lengthwise thereof.

Tt will be understood that l contemplate employmentof my invention., asset forth above, in molds composed of parts of the same or similarmaterial, some of which parts are heated to higher temperatures thanother parts. The more highly heated mold parts naturally expand to agreater amount than the parts which are at a lower temperature. Theformer mold parts may thus be said to have a relatively high er.-pansibility as compared. to other mold parts and the several variouslyheated mold parts lid it h

l till llai ll'llll i may be said to be difierentially expansible.

do not desire, however, to exclude the use in a mold of parts composedof different materials of different coeificients of e zpansion. Myinvention is, of course, applicable to such molds.

Having thus described -my inventionso that those skilled in the art maypractice the same, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is definedin what is claimed, it being understood that changes and alterations inthe foregoing specific embodiments which do not involve invention maybemade without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A multipart permanent mold, for easting high melting. point metals,composed of differentially ex'pansible mold parts and comprising a. basemember, hinged mold halves on the base member, the said base and halvesbeing suitably surfaced and recessed to form casting cavities for themolten metal being cast, and means for maintaining the originalalignment and location of mold parts "and cavity walls.

2. A multipart permanent mold, for easting high melting point metals,composed of diflerentially expansible mold parts and comprising a basemember, hinged mold halves on the base member, the said base and halvesbeing suitably surfacedor recessed to form casting cavities for themolten metal bemg cast, and means for maintalnmg the original alignmentand location of mold parts and cavity walls, including a memberoperatively associated with the said base and the mold halves, andloosely engaging one'of these.

3. A multipart permanent mold, for easting high melting point metals,composed of differentially expansible mold parts and comprising a basemember, hinged mold halves on the base member, the said base and halves.being suitably surfaced or,recessed to form cavities for the moltenmetal being cast, and means including a pin, closely engaging the moldhalves and loosely engaging the base for maintaining the originalalignment and location of mold parts and cavity Walls.

4. A multipart permanent mold, for easting high melting point metals,composed of differentially expansible mold parts and comprising a basemember, hinged mold halves on the base member, the said base and halvesbeing suitably surfaced or recessed to form cavities for the moltenmetal being cast, and means, including a pin, closely engaging the moldhalves and loosely engaging the base for maintainingthe originalalignment and location of mold partsand cavity walls, the said pin beingfree to reciprocate,

without turning, in the base.

5. A multipart permanent mold, for eastcavity halves being suitablysurfaced or recessed to form. cavities for the molten metal being cast,and means, including a pin, closely engaging the mold halves and looselyengaging the base and a stud engaging the said hinge pin and the base toprevent turning movement of they pin in the base, for maintaining theoriginal alignment and location ofmold parts and cavity walls.

6. Ina multipart permanent mold for casting high melting point metals,the combination of a stationary mold part, a movable hinged mold parthaving a relatively high expansibility as compared with the stationarymold part, and a pin having means joining the said mold parts and havinga loose connection in the said stationary part and a close connection inthe hinged part.

7. In ,a multipart permanent mold, for casting high melting pointmetals, the combination of a stationary mold part having a perforationnear one end, a movable mold part reLatively highly expansible ascompared with the stationarymold part having a hinged connection fittingloosely in the said perforation and adapted to permit bod- 11y movementof the movable mold part lengthwise of the'stationary part.

8. In a multipart permanent mold, for casting high melting bination of amold base, two mold halves carried thereby to move swingably toward andaway from each other on the said mold base, the mold halves beingprovided with wcavities for molten metal to be cast and a looseconnection between the said mold halves and the said base adapted topermit differential non-turning lengthwise expansion of the mold halvesand the base.

9. In a multipart permanent mold, for casting high melting point metals,the comblnation of a stationary mold part, two movable hinged moldhalves cooperating with each other to form the side walls of a castingfor molten metal being cast, and means for positioning the said movablemold halves with respect to the said stationary mold base, the saidmeans being adapted to permit limited I10n-turning movement of the moldparts lengthwise thereof and with respect'to the base when the latterare in assembled posit-ion 011 the mold base.

10. Ina multipart permanent mold for casting metals, the combination ofa stationary mold part, two movable mold halves cooperating therewith to-form a casting cavlty for molten metal being cast, a hinge pin for eachmovable part, and an interengaging member joining the hinge pins to thestationary mold part, one of the said pins having that portion of itssurface,-

point metals, the com llll ltd

said pins,

7 surface intermediate ts ends eccentric with respect to the surfaces atthe ends thereof,

which engages with the said interengaging member, ecee'ntr'iowithrespect to that part thereof which engages with the, said mold halt. a

ll. la a "mnltipart permanent mold for casting metals, the combinationor a-'stationary mold part, two movable mold parts cooperating therewithto form the walls of a casting cavity, separate hinge pins each engagingwith a movable mold part, a y'tlre carrying the hinge .pins looselyengaging the stationary mold part, one oi the pins being rotatahle inthe said yoke and having-the yoke and mold hall? engaging side surfacesthereof eccentric with respect to each other, and means tor securing thesaid rotatable pin against rotation in the yoke.

1%, ln a mnltipart permanent mold for casting metals, the combination ofa stationary mold part, two movable mold parts, a hinge pin for eachmovable mold part, a yolre engaging both ends of and carrying the one ofthe said pins having the and means for preventing rotation of the lastsaid pin in the said yoke.

l3. In a multipart permanent mold for hination oi a stationary moldpart, two

movable mold parts, cooperating therewith and forming walls of a castingcavity, a hinge pin for each of the said movable mold parts and a yolrecarrying-the said pins and having a loose connection with the saidstationary mold part to compensate for diderentialexpansion of themovable and stationary mold parts.

14. In a multipart permanent mold *lfor casting high melting pointmetals the con1- bination of a stationary mold part, two co operatingmold parts movably mounted to cooperate therewith, interengaging meansjoining the cooperating mold parts together for independent swingingmovement of the parts with respect to the stationary part and to eachother, and positioning means associated with the stationary mold partand the movable mold parts for preventing substantial turning movementof the movable mold parts except about the said connecting means and forpermitting expansion of the movable mold parts lengthwise thereof.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature this first day ofApril, 1925.

MAltlllS GUYOT.

casting high melting point metals, the com- 4 lid

